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Monday, November 5, 2012

Benin in the Pre-colonial Era

One royal line, chthonian King Houegbadja, was established in the city of Abomey, which became a exchange power base. Houegbadja conquered among others, the Gedebi people. King Akaba succeeded Houegbadja in 1685, leaving an expanded soil to his son, Agaja, who ruled over a Dahomey extended to the coast and at a lower place whose political science, the first contact with Europeans occurred (Williams, 2002).

Before 1640, Benin was centrally governed by its nance with the assistance of a royally appointed administration. Difficulties in the succession, couple with changing trading pattern allowed the administration to gain roughly independence and even challenge the kings, taking away approximately of their power. Toward the end of the seventeenth century, a number of European observers mention that the Edo Kingdom of Benin had been racked for some years by civil war (Girshick & Thornton, 2002). The ultimate impact of this civil war was to teammate different levels of the administration and the kings against each other, transforming Benin from a centrally governed to a more collectively governed kingdom. Independence did not last for many another(prenominal) years after the "European" encounter.

Trading in slaves for European weapons and other goods helped the kingdom to become one of the richest and most sizeable kingdoms in Africa - a situation that lasted until 1892 when the French created a simulation to gather


A host board of directors led by Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Emile de Souza assumed power on December 11, 1969. Power was handed over to a presidential council in 1970. The council consisted of Maga, Ahomadegbe, and Apithy with Maga the first to function as Head of State. The triumvirate experiment, harmonize to Dossou-Yovo (1999), came to an abrupt end in October 1972 when yet another armed forces coup, led by Kerekou (supported by the guard and progressive armament officers in Benin) took control of the country. Kerekou established a 12-member military theme revolutionary council (CNR) consisting of four officers from each of the three regions. However, there were difficulties in welding together the interests of the army and the gendarmerie or police force (Dossou-Yovo, 1999).
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Soglo served as interim Head of State chthonic a organisation headed by Apithy until an election in January 1964. However, this government faced resentment in the north of the country where howler occurred and the threat of a northern secession was possible. In 1965, fountain president, Maga, who had been held in detention, went on trial on charges of corruption period in office. As Dossou-Yovo (1999) reports, cosmopolitan Soglo forced Apithy to resign in 1965, ultimately leading to the release of Maga and to army intervention with General Soglo assuming power as the head of a military regime in Benin that lasted until December 1965.

Kalyegira, T. (2001). Benin goes to the polls. United Press

A morsel military coup occurred in December 1967, fostered by industrial unrest following a ban on batch unions and led by Maurice Kouandete. Kouandete became Prime Minister with an interim regime under a new head of state, Alphonse Alley. Though an adjudicate was made in 1968 to return to civilian rule and a new constitution based on a bullocky presidency was approved, low voter turnout in the turn out election led to a declaration that the voting was void. Emile Zinsou was imprecate in as P
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