Gender & Alcohol Use Patterns

The authors substantiated these decisions and shape up account results of their direct, that one-di manpowersional genetic effects were found in males and most bosom use problems were determined by environmental factors in women (p. 1265).

The study sample consisted of 693 volunteer twin pairs from the general population (209 monozygotic female, 138 monozygotic male, 170 dizygotic female, 82 dizygotic male, and 94 dizygotic opposite-sex twin pairs). The use of twins allows for the estimate of similitude of variance in a behavior that is due to genetics or heritability and that which is due to environmental factors. The authors further state that at odds(predicate) findings in the literature are establish on studies that lack clear definition of inebriant problems, use a vast index of substance use, or small sample sizes (Jang et al., pp. 1265-1266).

Heath, Madden, Bucholz, Dinwiddie, Slutske, Bierut, Rohrbaugh, Statham, Dunne, Whitfield, and Martin (1999) further canvass alcoholic drink sensitivity and inheritance of lay on the line with address interview follow-up data with twins from two studies (alcohol contest study in 1979-1981; Australian twin panel mountain in 1980-1982). Findings showed that men were at an increased genetic risk of alcohol dependence with a reduced alcohol sensitivity, and women were non associated with the same degree of risk (p. 1069).

In 1996, Crum and Harris examined data from a population-based study in which 384 had alcohol abuse or dependence. They inform that ev

Moderate consumption of alcohol impairs cognition and psychomotor performance; complex cognitive and psychomotor performance tasks are more sensitive to alcohol than simpler tasks. Women come to the fore to be more susceptible to effects on cognitive functions. Psychomotor performance does not appear to be modify by gender (Mumenthaler et al., pp. 65-69).

Consistent in the literature is the finding that there are differences in rates of consumption and abuse, for men and women. Greater alcohol and illicit drug use is reported for males (Jang, Livesley, & Vernon, 1997, p. 1265). Less consistent are findings regarding gender effects of alcohol.

Schuckit, Daeppen, Tipp, Hesselbrock, and Bucholt (1998) studied the clinical course of problems associated with alcohol abuse and found no differences between males and females (p. 581).

Women have more system fat and slight water, proportionally, than men of the same frame freight. Alcohol is dispersed in body water and therefore, women have higher blood alcohol concentrations than men when drinking equivalent amounts, even considering body weight; gender differences disappear when equivalent doses are administered that are based on total body water. Higher blood alcohol concentrations may reflect lower metabolism rates, however new(prenominal) studies have shown similar metabolism between men and women. twain eliminate equal total amounts of alcohol per unit body weight per hour, however, women eliminate more per unit of lean body mass per hour. Although some studies have speculated that hormonal fluctuations may allure alcohol effects in women, more evidence is requisite (Mumenthaler et al., pp. 65-70).

Allson, S., Saunders, B., & Phillips, M. (2000). The process of relapse in severely dependent male problem drinkers. Addiction, 95(1), 95-107.

Ricciardelli, L. A., & Williams, R. J. (1997). Gender differences in drinking and alcohol expectancies as modified by gender stereotypes and living arrangements. Journal of
Ordercustompaper.com is a professional essay writing service at which you can buy essays on any topics and disciplines! All custom essays are written by professional writers!