Age as a Factor in Juvenile Delinquency

Reformers who insisted on having children confined one at a time from adult off sackers were responsible for the asylum of sixteen of these specialized institutions by 1960. The theory was that the children would be harmed by the influence of adult pitifuls. Probation for children dates posterior to the 1841 efforts of shoemaker John Augustus, whose work conduct to official shaping of probation for children in Massachu setts in 1869. By the end of the nineteenth century, criminal taps were more likely to sentence children to training schools for specialized treatment. mixer reformers were simultaneously campaigning for a special court dodging that would understand, diagnose and treat the problems of the child in a counseling that would restore the child to the community. The reformers placed the welfare of the child in advance of the question of guilt or innocence. It was this reforming force that led to the establishment of today's fresh courts (Haskell & Yablonsky, 1978, p. 379-380).

The first statute defining a remiss child and creating a teenaged court was in Illinois in 1899. Operation of the juvenile person court began in Cook County, Chicago, in June 1899. The Latin phrase Parens patriae, protecting children in need of security measures summarizes the underlying social and legal philosophy. Basically, this juvenile court agreement is the logical outgrowth of the brass of separate correctional facilities for children and the persona of probation as a treatment f

Heaps, W. A. (1974). Juvenile Justice. New York: Seabury Press.

or children. It was thirteen years afterwards the creation of the juvenile court that a Children's Bureau led by social workers was established. The Children's Bureau exerted influence on the cultivation of juvenile courts throughout the United States. Laws for differential treatment of juvenile delinquents existed in all states by 1945 (Haskell & Yablonsky, 1978, p. 379-381).

Current juvenile court systems vary from state to state with respect to the behaviors and narrow downing conditions, which qualify the child for referral to the juvenile court.

There is a specified age, ranging from fourteen to twenty -three years and averaging eighteen years, that states use to determine whether those who intermit criminal statutes come under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court.

rights to juveniles in the juvenile justice system. But the juvenile justice system is nonetheless here to stay. Lawand- order type of decide feel that the new breed of juvenile has nothing solely contempt for the police, case worker, probation officer and judge in the juvenile justice system since the rights controversy. The juveniles have become more disinclined to respond to questions, which makes some judges more prone to penalise the child rather than protect him (Heaps, p. 62-63).

The original Juvenile tap Act which Illinois governor John Tanner signed into natural law on April 2l, 1899 is considered the most influential law governing juvenile delinquents that has ever been passed in the United States. The Illinois law of 1899 marked the end of the penal approach to juvenile delinquency and the start of a more flexible approach that was preventative and scientific. The Juvenile court of law Act basically defined the juvenile delinquent as any child under age sixteen who go against any law or ordinance of the State, city or village. The Juvenile Court Act guaranteed the child the right of attempt by jury, when requested. Cases would come before
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